A Chinese-developed acne vaccine has entered domestic clinical trials for the first time, marking a national milestone in efforts to treat one of the world’s most common skin conditions. 

Developed by WestVac BioPharma, based in the southwestern Sichuan province, the vaccine entered clinical trials on Dec. 30 at the West China Hospital of Sichuan University after receiving approval for the trials in November.

Designed as a therapeutic rather than a preventive vaccine, the recombinant protein-based treatment aims to reduce acne by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies against Cutibacterium acnes — a naturally occurring skin bacterium that can trigger inflammation when it proliferates excessively. 

Researchers say the approach reflects a broader shift toward immune-based acne treatments, as conventional therapies — including antibiotics, hormonal drugs and vitamin A derivatives — face limits related to drug resistance, side effects and high relapse rates.

Acne is the world’s eighth most common skin disease. Studies show that more than 85% of adolescents experience acne, and the condition has been linked to higher risks of anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation.

Globally, several other acne vaccines are also under development. One mRNA vaccine, developed by French pharmaceutical giant Sanofi, entered clinical trials in July 2025. Another group of U.S.-based researchers published an article on an enzyme-based acne vaccine they developed in scientific journal Nature Communications last December, which is yet to enter clinical trials.

West China Hospital of Sichuan University cautioned that the Chinese vaccine is not “intended for universal use.” Instead, it is aimed primarily at patients who respond poorly to standard treatments or experience frequent relapses.

Li Jiong, the project’s lead researcher at West China Hospital of Sichuan University, told domestic media that differences in antibody levels, immune response strength, and duration across patient groups will need to be systematically evaluated throughout the clinical trials.

Editor: Marianne Gunnarsson.

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